abstract：:Pure neural leprosy (PNL) is difficult to diagnose because skin lesions and acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in slit smears are absent. At present, the gold standard for PNL diagnosis is the histopathological examination of a peripheral nerve biopsy. Even so, detection of bacteria is difficult and histological findings may be ...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Jardim MR,Antunes SL,Simons B,Wildenbeest JG,Nery JA,Illarramendi X,Moraes MO,Martinez AN,Oskam L,Faber WR,Sarno EN,Sampaio EP,Bührer-Sékula S

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a retrospective study, five patients are reported who suffered from a Mycobacterium leprae/HIV co-infection and were treated for their HIV infection with HAART. In four patients, this revealed their leprosy and induced a type I leprosy reaction. Two patients who were lepromin negative at diagnosis were retested aft...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Trindade MA,Manini MI,Masetti JH,Leite MA,Takahashi MD,Naafs B

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The coexistence of leprosy with neurofibromatosis is a rare finding and can pose a diagnostic dilemma. Neurofibromatosis coexisting with borderline tuberculoid leprosy has previously not been reported. We report such a case in a 13-year-old boy where biopsy of clinically uninvolved nerve revealed the presence of acid-...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Grover C,Lohra M,Nanda S,Reddy BS

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The way people interpret their disease and its treatment, or the meanings of these, has an impact on the way they deal with their disease and its treatment; meanings shape actions. In this article, the influence of the patients' interpretations on their coping with leprosy and its treatment, their help seeking and adh...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Heijnders ML

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The histological findings of 22 patients with neuritis, 14 developing pain, tenderness and swelling during treatment and 8 during surveillance are presented in this study. Seven patients' biopsies showed macrophage type and 14 had epithelioid cell type of granulomas. All biopsies showed evidence of active disease, exc...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Porichha D,Mukherjee A,Ramu G

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A patient with lepromatous leprosy, while on WHO multidrug therapy (MDT) for multibacillary disease, was diagnosed as having dapsone syndrome with recurrent episodes of bullous lesions on the lower extremities for 4-5 years. The lesions were associated with high-grade fever. Examination revealed multiple hypopigmented...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Rijal A,Agrawal S,Agarwalla A,Lakhey M

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of our research was to relate delay in presentation in the Bangladesh Acute Nerve Damage Study cohort to intake status and to treatment outcome. The Bangladesh Acute Nerve Damage Study (BANDS) is a prospective cohort study of 2664 consecutive newly registered patients at clinics run by the Danish-Banglad...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Nicholls PG,Croft RP,Richardus JH,Withington SG,Smith WC

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study identifies possible obstacles to the early diagnosis of leprosy. Semi-structured interviews were held with 40 patients at a secondary health service in upstate São Paulo, Brazil. The data concerning the sample were: 75% males, age range 13-76 years, 85% with elementary school education, 85% multibacillary. ...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Da Silva Souza C,Bacha JT

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In South Africa, leprosy has been a notifiable condition since 1921. Although the WHO elimination target of less than one case per 10,000 population has been achieved at country level, the distribution of leprosy in the country is distinctly heterogeneous, with a prominent 'leprosy belt' of greater prevalence stretchi...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Durrheim DN,Fourie A,Balt E,Le Roux M,Harris BN,Matebula M,De Villiers M,Speare R

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A retrospective case note study was done of children below the age of 14 years who attended Dhoolpet Leprosy Research Centre (DLRC) over the decade 1990-1999. The aim of the study was to describe the pattern of clinical presentation, the role of household or near neighbour contacts and the incidence of neuritis and re...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Jain S,Reddy RG,Osmani SN,Lockwood DN,Suneetha S

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Integration of leprosy control into the general health services is regarded as an important condition for increasing the accessibility and sustainability of leprosy services. However, it is often difficult to embark on such an integration process. In Jigawa State in Northern Nigeria, the leprosy elimination campaign w...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Namadi A,Visschedijk J,Samson K

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A genotypic method for predicting rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium leprae has been developed and rigorously tested on mouse footpad-derived and clinical specimens. A series of immobilized oligonucleotide capture probes can discriminate between wild type and mutant rpoB alleles, and positive controls are availabl...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Honoré N,Roche PW,Grosset JH,Cole ST

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A Leprosy Elimination Campaign (LEC) was implemented in 37 districts of Sokoto and Zamfara states, Nigeria from 13 August to 30 November 1998. The campaign utilized intensive community mobilization and training of local health personnel to detect hidden leprosy cases. During 8 weeks of case finding, 160,127 persons we...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Ebenso BE,Tureta SM,Udo SO

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycobacterium leprae cell wall-associated components are found in large amounts in the tissues of leprosy patients, particularly those at the lepromatous pole. Among these molecules, the phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I), unique to M. leprae, has been involved in the selective anergy observed in the lepromatous patients. ...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Charlab R,Sarno EN,Chatterjee D,Pessolani MC

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to increase our understanding of the immunological basis of erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), we studied Th-like cytokine profiles in 130 leprosy patients, employing both the conventional and a novel, real-time, fluorogenic reverse transcriptase-based PCR (RT-PCR). The concomitant expression of both Th-like cy...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Nath I,Vemuri N,Reddi AL,Bharadwaj M,Brooks P,Colston MJ,Misra RS,Ramesh V

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Skin testing with lepromin, which produces a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction, has been used in the classification of leprosy, and a good correlation has been found between immunological status and the reaction to lepromin. In addition, the prognostic value of the lepromin test has been demonstrated. More recent...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Sengupta U

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), or type 2 leprosy reactions are an important complication of multibacillary leprosy. The AMFES cohort includes 300 new multibacillary cases that have been followed for up to 10 years from the start of treatment, in central Ethiopia. Sixteen (5.3%) patients had ENL reactions. The incide...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Saunderson P,Gebre S,Byass P

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two groups of MB leprosy patients, one treated to the point of smear negativity (TSN) and the other given therapy for fixed duration (24 doses of WHO MB regimen) (FDT), were compared for relapse rates during treatment and in the post-treatment period. During the follow-up of 980.2 person years in 260 patients treated ...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Girdhar BK,Girdhar A,Kumar A

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A Modified Leprosy Elimination Campaign (MLEC) in September 1998 in the District of Midnapore, West Bengal, covered a population of 8.1 million people and detected 8181 new cases. Available data from 7328 cases were studied to observe the trend for leprosy in this area. Data are presented on sex and age distribution, ...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Mandal MG,Pal D,Majumdar V,Biswas PC,Biswas S,Saha B

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A national leprosy elimination campaign (NLEC) was implemented country-wide in all the 64 districts of Bangladesh for 6 days from 7 to 12 February 1999. The campaign was jointly funded by the Government of Bangladesh (GOB)/World Bank (US$250,000) and the remaining US$381,000 was provided by other international non-gov...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Ahmed JU

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The reliability of methods of testing nerve function is important, since diagnostic decision making is a direct function of the quality of the test. Three methods of nerve function testing were investigated at the Danish Bangladesh Leprosy Mission (DBLM) in north Bangladesh, and assessed for inter-observer reliability...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Anderson AM,Croft RP

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A study was done on 794 new cases of leprosy among children (aged 0-14 years) detected and treated with MDT during 1990-1995 in Gudiyatham Taluk, South India. Incidence rates of leprosy and proportion of multibacillary cases increased with age, while bacillary + tuberculoid was most common. Over 80% had a single patch...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Selvasekar A,Geetha J,Nisha K,Manimozhi N,Jesudasan K,Rao PS

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was undertaken to investigate the influence of beta 2-glycoprotein I (GPI) on anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) titration in leprosy. The study group consisted of 140 sera from patients with multibacillary leprosy (46 borderline, 94 lepromatous). The group included newly diagnosed, previously untreated patient...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Fiallo P,Travaglino C,Nunzi E,Cardo PP

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibroblasts and a host of macrophage secretory products have been implicated in a number of diseases where excess extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition is the main pathological feature. Fibrosis characterized by excessive deposition of collagen also contributes to the irreversible nerve damage observed in leprosy. Sin...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Singh N,Birdi TJ,Chandrashekar S,Antia NH

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases meeting to discuss the future role of biomedical research in leprosy, was held at the Armauer Hansen Research Institute in Addis Ababa, on February 27 and 28, 1998. This was attended by more than 20 scientists from 10 countries, who...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Roche P,Dockrell H,Brennan P

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An old borderline-lepromatous leprosy patient, treated initially with DDS monotherapy followed by MDT, 11 years later during surveillance presented with 3-month-old asymptomatic cystic swelling, arising from the right ulnar nerve without exhibiting any evidence to document relapse of the disease. It responded promptly...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Abraham S,Vijayakumaran P,Jesudasan K

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gender inequalities in health have a significant impact on women's health. In leprosy gender inequalities could be even more serious, as it is a highly stigmatized disease. A review has been made of the most recent literature dealing with gender and leprosy. First some data are presented on gender inequalities in rate...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Le Grand A

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The status of assay for S-100 antigen protein and anticeramide antibodies in serum in understanding nerve damage in different forms of leprosy were evaluated by the enzyme immunoassay. Based on the clinical and smear examination, patients were classified as indeterminate (Ind), tuberculoid (TT), borderline tuberculoid...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Narayan R,Maheshwari PK,Desikan KV,Harinath BC

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the correction of lagophthalmos due to leprosy neuritis temporalis muscle transfer (TMT) is used to provide a motor to assist in lid closure. This study of TMT in 51 eyes was carried out to assess the effectiveness of TMT in achieving lid closure and corneal protection. The average lid gap preoperatively on light c...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Soares D,Chew M

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This retrospective cohort study includes all new leprosy patients registered for multidrug therapy (MDT) in 1990 at the Danish-Bangladesh Leprosy Mission project in Bangladesh. The main objective was to determine the extent of nerve-function impairment (NFI) at diagnosis and at completion of MDT, and to identify oppor...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Richardus JH,Finlay KM,Croft RP,Smith WC

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A qualitative study was carried out aimed at checking the level of understanding and the actual use of the indicators recommended in leprosy control programmes by either the World Health Organization or the International Federation of Anti-Leprosy Associations. Two successive questionnaires were sent to 268 leprosy co...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Grodos D,François I,Tonglet R

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A survey of the prevention of disability policy and activities in a random sample of 200 ILEP assisted projects was conducted in 1995. This was followed by a workshop of field experts in different aspects of prevention of disability who work in different geographical regions. The survey findings and state of current k...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Smith WC

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study assessed the causes, duration and site of hand wounds seen among patients in order to try and improve the delivery of self-care teaching to patients with anaesthetic hands. Seventy-seven patients with 102 affected hand surfaces were assessed. The commonest cause was a burn from a tea glass. The average dura...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Soares D,Desar N

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Split anergy represented by delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reaction to tuberculin, but not to leprosin, is known to occur in a distinct proportion of leprosy patients. The mechanism was originally attributed to Mycobacterium leprae-specific suppression of T cells toward common mycobacterial antigens. This study as...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Kaleab B,Wondimu A,Likassa R,Woldehawariat N,Ivanyi J

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of the multiplication of Mycobacterium leprae in the footpads of nude mice by the oral administration of sparfloxacin, a new quinolone, and 3'-hydroxy-5'-(4-isobutyl-1-piperazinyl)benzoxazinorifamycin (KRM-1648), selected from a series of newly synthesized benzoxazinorifamycins, was studied. When the 2 drug...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Gidoh M,Matsuki G,Tsutsumi S,Hidaka T,Nakamura S

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measurements of skin blood flow (by laser Doppler flowmetry) and temperature were made under environmental conditions promoting peripheral vasodilatation at the fingertips of a disfigured 'clawed' hand in 12 leprosy patients long-resident at Baba Baghi Leprosy Hospital, Tabriz, Iran. Sensory function was assessed by m...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Abbot NC,Beck JS,Rao BB,Feval F,Stanford JL,Weiss F,Mobayen MH

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents epidemiological data on reversal reaction (RR) and erythema nodosum leprosum reaction (ENL) from a retrospective study of 386 leprosy patients newly registered at Green Pastures Hospital, Pokhara, West Nepal. The average follow-up time was 21 months. The prevalence of RR at first examination was 28...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Van Brakel WH,Khawas IB,Lucas SB

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Superficially located large and medium sized mixed peripheral limb nerves in active leprosy have previously been shown to have well-recognized fusiform swellings. It is generally agreed that these are the sites of predilective nerve involvement where the severest degeneration and fibrosis occur. A semiquantitative his...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Miko TL,Gschmeissner SE,le Maitre C,Kinfu Y,Kazen R,Pereira JH

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phagocytic cells respond to a variety of membrane stimulants by producing reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI), i.e. O2-, H2O2 and OH.metabolites. Plasma membrane activation is associated with superoxide generating NADPH oxidase, thereby causing the production of these toxic species. Stimulation of phagocytic cells als...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Khare S,Bhutani LK,Rao DN

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunotherapy with Mycobacterium w (M.w) vaccine was given to 45 patients with multibacillary (MB) leprosy; 41 similarly classified patients served as controls. All patients received standard multidrug therapy (MDT). Incidence, severity and frequency of type 2 (ENL) reactional episodes were monitored in both groups in...

journal_title：Leprosy review

authors： Zaheer SA,Misra RS,Sharma AK,Beena KR,Kar HK,Mukherjee A,Mukherjee R,Walia R,Talwar GP

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00